Vietnam A Successful Development Process - 2161 Words

Macroeconomic Overview of Vietnam Vietnam has gone through a successful development process, known to be one of south east Asia’s fastest growing economy and could possibly become a developed nation by 2020 (BBC News, 2014). Vietnam was once one of the poorest countries in the world in 1986 with per capita income below $100. As of present, Vietnam has transformed into a lower middle income country with per capita income of $1,960 by 2013 (The World Bank, 2014). Vietnam’s GDP per capita have been rising every year as shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 1 Vietnam’s GDP Per Capita from years 2004 to 2014 (Trading Economics, 2014). Vietnam has also had success in reducing poverty, from nearly 60% of people living in poverty falling to 20.7% in 2010 and†¦show more content†¦Vietnam has achieved impressive progress towards poverty reduction and economic growth. According to OECD (2014) this was largely due to the ‘Doi Moi’ economic reform process which involves a series of structural changes that made Vietnam into one of the fastest growing economies in the world. Doi Moi was initiated in 1986 and the goal was to create a ‘social-oriented market economy’. In recent years, Vietnam is known for their leading agricultural exports and foreign investment destination. According to Trading Economics (2014), â€Å"Vietnam s key products are: rice, cashew nuts, black pepper, coffee, tea, fishery products and rubber† and also known to be the third largest oil reserve in Asia (EIA, 2014). These are key contributions toward Vietnam’s GDP growth rate shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 3 Vietnam’s Annual GDP Growth Rate between years 2004 to 2014 (Trading Economics, 2014). Over the years, Vietnam’s balance of payments displayed large current account deficits in years between 2008 to 2010 but reached a surplus from 2011 and onwards (Vietnam Report, 2013). Vietnam’s balance of payments gained surplus in years 2011 and 2012, first half of 2012 there was a surplus of US$6.451 billion. The surplus have greatly helped Vietnam through improving its financial power, reducing inflation levels, stabilizing exchange rates and also help recover the country’s foreign reserve (Phuong, 2012). From onwards, Vietnam continues to show frequent trade surpluses as export growth have

Education Is The Key For Financial Security - 882 Words

I have always believed that having an education would cause me to do better in life. That if I tried my best to achieve great grades I would succeed in life irrespective to my being Black and female. My grandmother is the person who instilled these values into me. As a dark-skinned Black woman who was born in Virginia during the early forties, she still managed to do very well in life. She bought her first house before she was thirty, worked on Wall Street and in the New York City Public School System. She has always believed that education is the key to ending poverty. I also looked to other family members of mine who used education as a means to do better in life. For me, education is the key to overall financial security. However, I’ve noticed time and time again many of my peers argue otherwise. My peers believe that having an education will not change their lives and that being born privileged is the key to financial security. Although I do believe that some people have t o work harder than others in order achieve, I wonder what caused this new thought process amongst America’s youth, especially Black Americans. The idea that education is irrelevant and the outcome of their lives has already been decided for them because of their race. While reading, â€Å"Education, Faith and the Promise of Equality† by Manning Marable I began thinking about my family why so many Black Americans believe education to be almost worthless. I found that the reason is because most BlackShow MoreRelatedWas Marcus Garvey The Most Significant African American Civil Rights Leader?1606 Words   |  7 PagesTo what extent was Marcus Garvey the most significant African American civil rights leader in the period 1865-1945? The period between 1865 and 1945 saw some of the most dramatic social, political and economic changes in America. 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To Kill Mocking Bird Essay free essay sample

Symbol of Courage In some ways, courage is demonstrated through an individual’s determination to fight for what is right. In the novel, To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee shows the courage of Atticus through his struggle with the racism of the town as he attempts to defend Tom Robinson in a court of law. Tom Robinson, a black man, is a victim of the racism that is rampant in the town of Maycomb. Atticus is well known for his good character, and is often expected to do the right thing. To uphold his sense of justice, Atticus agrees to defend Tom Robinson. His moral code often leads to conflicts with fellow members of the town of Maycomb. Despite this, Atticus continues to defend Tom, knowing if he doesn’t do it an innocent man will be falsely charged. Harper Lee suggests courage is shown when the individual with integrity will rise to the occasion to do the right thing, even if it means going against society. We will write a custom essay sample on To Kill Mocking Bird Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Atticus demonstrates courage by defending Tom Robinson, a black man falsely accused of rape, despite the criticisms from the residents of Maycomb. Atticus knows that he will not be able to win as he is â€Å"licked† before he begins. He struggles with the racism that it is persistent in the town of Maycomb. Nevertheless, Atticus knows that Tom Robinson is innocent, and he must defend him, since no one else will. Even though the situation is bleak, Atticus wants the town of Maycomb to hear the truth about Tom Robinson, saying, â€Å"that boy might go to the chair, but he is not going till the truth’s told†. It is his strong sense of morality and justice that motivates him to defend Tom Robinson no matter what. He understands that taking the case would make him an object of scorn and ridicule. Throughout the novel, Atticus is called various names such as â€Å"nigger-lover† by many members of the community as well as his family. Even his sister is opposes his decision of defending Tom Robinson, saying that Atticus was a disgrace for the family, that he would never be able to walk the streets of Maycomb. Despite what is said about him, Atticus continues to defend Tom Robinson. The courage of Atticus can be seen in the novel, where in the face of danger he stands up for what he believes in. This is clearly shown when Atticus was confronted by the lynch mob in front of the Macomb jail, without  any weapon or protection from Heck Tate. Walter Cunningham threatens Atticus, saying, â€Å"Get aside from the door Mr. Finch†, but Atticus does not stand down. The author demonstrates Atticus’ courage, saying, â€Å"you can turn around and go home again, Walter’†. Even though his life is in mortal danger, he is unwilling to throw away his moral beliefs. Atticus is not obligated by law to protect to his client, but does so through his own conviction. Furthermore, Atticus displays courage when being spat on by Bob Ewell while leaving the post office. Bob Ewell threatens Atticus, saying, that he will get Atticus back â€Å"even if it takes the rest of his life†. Even after being threatened by Bob Ewell, Atticus continues to defend Tom Robinson because he knows it is the right thing to do and he would not back down only for his good. This is clearly shown when Atticus says â€Å"so if spitting in my face and threatening me saved Mayella Ewell one extra beating, that’s something I’ll gladly take†. Atticus sacrifices himself to prevent an innocent individual from getting hurt. It is Atticus willingness to sacrifice him in order to carry out his sense of justice that demonstrates the courage of Atticus. The courage of Atticus leads to a change in the prejudiced beliefs in the town of Maycomb. Atticus’ sense of morality and justice results in â€Å"baby steps† towards change. This is clearly shown during the trial of Tom Robinson, where it would usually take only a few minutes for the jury to make an decision, but the jury took a couple of hours. Through this, Harper Lee shows a change in the perspective of the citizens of Maycomb. One example of this would be Walter Cunnningham. After the incident at the Maycomb jail, Walter Cunningham respects what Atticus is doing for Tom Robinson. It is later revealed that Walter Cunningham is picked to be on the jury to defend Tom Robinson, demonstrated when Scout says, â€Å"one minute they’re trying to kill him and the next they’re trying to turn him loose†. No matter how far his reputation is ruined, Atticus still defends Tom Robinson. Atticus does â€Å"what they’re afraid to do themselves†. No matter what obstacles he faces, Atticus will rise up to the occasion to do what is right. Throughout the novel, Atticus has been a symbol of moral courage. Even though taking the case will cause him to go against all of Maycomb, he does so because he is fair and just. Atticus faces many difficulties as he tries to convey the truth of Tom Robinson. In some cases, Atticus puts his life at risk to do what is right. Despite this, Atticus continues to defend Tom Robinson, since he knows that it is the right thing to do. In the novel, Harper Lee demonstrates the courage of Atticus as he fights for what is just.

Recuperacion Ecologica Essays - DraftJardn Botnico De La Paz

Recuperacion Ecologica La civilizacion moderna, Mesopotamia Origen 2 rios Figis y Eufrates era un inmenso humedal - ecosistema rico (arabes de los humedales) se adapta su cabana a la isla Ecologia de restauracion.- Surgio como campo separado de la ecologia en la decada de 1980. Es el estudio cientifico de apoyo a la practica de la restauracion ecologica, practica restauracion de los ecosistemas y habitats degradados, danados o destruidos por la accion humana. Equilibrio de la naturaleza Estado climax - ecosistema llega a su estado final Restaurar que? Una respuesta aceptada es que la restauracion significa de un ecosistema a su rango historico de variacion y de la capacidad de sostenerse a si mismo y sus funciones esenciales, incluyendo el ciclo de los elementos quimicos, el flujo de energia y el mantenimiento de la diversidad biologica que existia anteriormente Que ecosistema necesitan restauracion? Los rios, los bosques, esteros, humedales Se comprueba antes de la intervencion como referentes historico Incendio - disturbio natural que debe ocurrir para comenzar de nuevo Natural - semilla necesitan de fuego para germinar Incendio provocado - problema Inundacion Cuando se recupera, se hace mas adaptado Sucesion ecologica Desde lo mas pequeno a un estado de climax Sucesion primaria - cuando un ecosistema nace de donde no existe un origen. Sucesion secundaria - Un disturbio y de ese sistema va saliendo nuevas especies adaptado al entorno y se recupera. Patrones de sucesion: Es - se propone su recuperacion 1era especia, mas pequena, mas adaptada Para restaurar un ecosistema es importante entender lo que hace una especie al reemplazar otra durante el proceso de sucesion. Si entendemos estas causas y efectos podemos utilizarlos para restaurar los ecosistemas. Especies en la sucesion puede interactuar de 3 maneras. Facilitacion.- especie pequena que crea situacion para originar nuevas especies. Interferencia.- Especie que existe en vez de ayudar, interfiere a otra especie que quiera venir. Diferencia de historia de vida.- Dos especies en un lugar interactuan, pero no tiene que ver ni una con la otra, origenes distintos pero no puede venir por el agua y el otro por el viento. Agregacion Cronica Cuando especie no interactua Riesgos naturales Peliculas - Catastrofe de la tierra naturaleza salvaje Factor limitante = especies que tendra funciones limitadas Porcentaje: 0.007 Riesgos: Precipitacion No es causa natural Radiacion absorbida por la atmosfera Ley constitucion politica Texto unificado de legalizacion secundaria de medio Pelicula: ser optimista Ciudades jardin Desarrollo sostenible Sostenibles Se deriva del bien sustentable Significa mantener apoyo soporta Decada de los 80, ha utilizado mas de sostenibilidad humana en el planeta tierra y esto ha dado lugar a la definicion mas ampliamente citado en la sostenibilidad como parte del concepto de desarrollo sostenible, la comision Brundchand de las Naciones Unidas el 20/03/1987, Noruega. El desarrollo sostenible es el desarrollo que satisface las necesidades del presente sin comprometer la capacidad de las generaciones futuras para satisfacer sus propias necesidades. Huella Ecologica.- Impacto que obtenga en el ambiente concepto para promocionar el desarrollo sostenible mediante la reduccion de los insumos utilizados para la produccion. Asi cuanto menor sea la cantidad de insumos utilizados en la produccion de una unidad de productos, tanto mayor sea la productividad entendida tambien como la eficiencia en la produccion. Reducir al maximo la cantidad de insumo para producir algo Una desmaterializacion a largo plazo puede sostener la economia en un modelo de desarrollo sostenible. Ningun recurso renovable debera utilizarse a un ritmo superior al de su generacion Ningun recurso no renovable debera aprovecharse a mayor velocidad de la necesitada para sustituirlos por un recurso renovable utilizado de manera sostenible Ningun contaminante debera producirse a un ritmo superior al que pueda ser reciclado, reutilizado o absorbido por el medio ambiente -pesticidas -residuos domesticos -gasolina Critica.- La economia ecologica la pone en discusion basandose en la paradoja de Jevons que dice que la mayor eficiencia debido a las mejores tecnicas eran un efecto rebote, o sea los ahorros de energia/materiales por unidad de producto reducen los costos con lo que aumenta el consumo. Al final el incremento de ventas, a uso contrarrestara el ahorro inicial Unos ejemplos practicos sobre desmaterializacion son los usos compartidos de productos. Car share - empresa en ciudades que tienen carro para alquiler. 81% si les gusta 63% personas si queda compartir su carro con otra que no conoce El alquiler o renta de lavadora, camaras de fotos y fotocopiadoras y otros

Maggie A Girl of the Streets

Maggie A Girl of the Streets The Basic Information about the Client Maggie is a young Caucasian woman in her twenties who came from the Bowery neighborhood. Maggie decided to ask for the help of a professional without the impact of the other persons. The purpose for the referral is the feelings of despair and guilt from which the woman suffers. Maggie states that she also suffers from negative thoughts and the idea of suicide became rather obsessive. The woman seems to be nervous and exhausted, her speech and movements are fitful.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Maggie: A Girl of the Streets specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Background Information Maggie says she comes from the poor family living in the Bowery neighborhood of New York. Maggie and her two brothers were brought up by the cruel father and mother who suffered from alcohol abuse. The girl grew timid and shy, but she hoped to receive the good education, overcome poverty, and develo p her knowledge and views. In reality, Maggie’s education is poor, and her working experience is based on the work at the shirt factory. In spite of the problems within the family with the mother and brother, Maggie hoped she could improve the situation. The woman began relations with her brother’s friend Pete, believing the man could help her escape from the poverty. Nevertheless, the family did not accept the fact of Maggie’s relations, and the woman had to leave home feeling guilt for her immoral behavior. The relations with Pete were ceased because of his intention, but the woman could not return back to her family. As a result, today, Maggie has to work as a prostitute in order to earn some money, but she does not see any positive perspectives in her life. The Psychological Profile Having paid attention to the information provided by Maggie in the interview, it is possible to state that today Maggie suffers from the problems associated with such social issu es as poverty and necessity to work as a prostitute. The woman cannot accept the fact, but she also does not see possible variants to overcome the situations. Having assessed Maggie’s psychological state with the help of psychological rating scales, it is possible to note that the woman suffers from melancholic depression which can result in developing suicide ideas. Furthermore, Maggie’s speech is full of words with the negative connotation, and she is fixed on her negative feelings and emotions. The typical signs of clinical depression are feelings of despair, loss, frustration, and hopelessness which are experienced by Maggie.  The woman also states that she feels being betrayed by her relatives and lover because they abandoned her, and this feeling makes Maggie discuss herself as worthless and empty. Furthermore, she discusses her current position as a prostitute as the result of her immoral behaviour and relations with Pete.Advertising Looking for essay on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More From this point, Maggie suffers from rather opposite feelings of guilt and helplessness which are the results of her positive intentions to improve the life conditions beginning relations with Pete and her negative experience of being ‘ruined’ and betrayed by Pete. This emotional controversy is influential for Maggie, and its combination with the problematic life conditions makes Maggie choose the work of prostitute because she does not discuss herself as worthy of the better life because of the negative experience. The result of these inner conflicts is clinical melancholic depression which is observed with references to Maggie’s statement of her sadness, anxiety, hopelessness, loss of interest to the life, and despair. The signs of depression are observed while focusing on the woman’s appearance. Maggie does not pay attention to her clothes and appearance, she avoids looking at the interviewer, and she is rather passive while telling about her problems. Recommendations and Therapies The symptoms of Maggie’s depression can be relived and treated, if a psychologist focuses on increasing Maggie’s self-esteem. The problem is in the woman’s resistance to accept her right to live the better life because she is fixed on her negative experience. However, the complex therapy also includes the work oriented to improving the social conditions which make Maggie feel frustrated. Thus, Maggie should receive the help according to the cognitive-behavioral therapy. It is useful to participate in the group of support. It is helpful for Maggie to give up her work as a prostitute and return to the work at the factory in order to change the social status. Nevertheless, Maggie can experience some difficulties with changing the work because the woman feels that she cannot accept the better position because of her immoral behavior. It is necessary to focus on the therapy with a psychologist in order to help Maggie understand the fact that she is not guilty in the problems of her family, but she is strong enough to overcome the issues. Prognosis There are high chances for Maggie to overcome her depression. At the first stage of recovery, Maggie should work on her self-esteem and avoid negative thinking styles. As a result, Maggie can feel powers to change the work. The long-term outcomes of the therapy are the development of Maggie’s self-esteem and will along with changing the living environments. Maggie can become independent from her family’s background with changing the district of the city or even the city itself. Maggie can also focus on communication with people because it is important to her to find the balance between naivety and distrust in relation to people.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Maggie: A Girl of the Streets specifically for you for onl y $16.05 $11/page Learn More

The History of Pop Art (1950s-1970s)

The History of Pop Art (1950s-1970s) Pop Art was born in Britain in the mid-1950s. It was the brain-child of several young subversive artists- as most modern art tends to be. The first application of the term Pop Art occurred during discussions among artists who called themselves the Independent Group (IG), which was part of the Institute of Contemporary Art in London, begun around 1952–53. Pop Art appreciates popular culture, or what we also call â€Å"material culture.† It does not critique the consequences of materialism and consumerism; it simply recognizes its pervasive presence as a natural fact. Acquiring consumer goods, responding to clever advertisements and building more effective forms of mass communication (back then: movies, television, newspapers, and magazines) galvanized energy among young people born during the post-World War II generation. Rebelling against the esoteric vocabulary of abstract art, they wanted to express their optimism in a youthful visual language, responding to so much hardship and privation. Pop Art celebrated the United Generation of Shopping. How Long Was the Movement? The movement was officially christened by British art critic Lawrence Alloway in a 1958 article called The Arts and Mass Media. Art history textbooks tend to claim that British artist Richard Hamiltons collage Just What Is It that Makes Todays Home So Different and So Appealing? (1956) signaled that Pop Art had arrived on the scene. The collage appeared in the show This Is Tomorrow at Whitechapel Art Gallery in 1956, so we might say that this work of art and this exhibition mark the official beginning of the movement, even though the artists worked on Pop Art themes earlier in their careers. Pop Art, for the most part, completed the Modernism movement in the early 1970s, with its optimistic investment in contemporary subject matter. It also ended the Modernism movement by holding up a mirror to contemporary society. Once the postmodernist generation looked hard and long into the mirror, self-doubt took over and the party atmosphere of Pop Art faded away. Key Characteristics of Pop Art There are several readily recognizable characteristics that art critics use to define pop art: Recognizable imagery, drawn from popular media and products.Usually very bright colors.Flat imagery influenced by comic books and newspaper photographs.Images of celebrities or fictional characters in comic books, advertisements, and fan magazines.In sculpture, an innovative use of media. Historic Precedent The integration of fine art and popular culture (such as billboards, packaging, and print advertisements) began long before the 1950s. In 1855, French realist painter Gustave Courbet symbolically pandered to popular taste by including a pose taken from the inexpensive print series called Imagerie d’Épinal. This immensely popular series featured brightly painted moralizing scenes invented by French illustrator (and art rival) Jean-Charles Pellerin (1756–1836). Every schoolboy knew these pictures of street life, the military, and legendary characters. Did the middle class get Courbets drift? Maybe not, but Courbet did not care. He knew he had invaded high art with a low art form. Spanish artist Pablo Picasso used the same strategy. He joked about our love affair with shopping by creating a woman out of a label and ad from the department store Bon Marchà ©. While Au Bon Marchà © (1913) may not be considered the first Pop Art collage, it certainly planted the seeds for the movement. Roots in Dada Dada pioneer Marcel Duchamp pushed Picassos consumerist ploy further by introducing the actual mass-produced object into the exhibition: a bottle-rack, a snow shovel, a urinal (upside down). He called these objects Ready-Mades, an anti-art expression that belonged to the Dada movement. Neo-Dada, or Early Pop Art Early Pop artists followed Duchamps lead in the 1950s by returning to imagery during the height of Abstract Expressionism and purposely selecting low-brow popular imagery. They also incorporated or reproduced 3-dimension objects. Jasper Johns Beer Cans (1960) and Robert Rauschenbergs Bed (1955) are two cases in point. This work was called Neo-Dada during its formative years. Today, we might call it Pre-Pop Art or Early Pop Art. British Pop Art Independent Group (Institute of Contemporary Art) Richard HamiltonEdouardo PaolozziPeter BlakeJohn McHaleLawrence AllowayPeter Reyner BanhamRichard SmithJon Thompson Young Contemporaries (Royal College of Art) R. B. KitajPeter PhilipsBilly Apple (Barrie Bates)Derek BoshierPatrick CanfieldDavid HockneyAllen JonesNorman Toynton American Pop Art Andy Warhol understood shopping and he also understood the allure of celebrity. Together these Post-World War II obsessions drove the economy. From shopping malls to People Magazine, Warhol captured an authentic American aesthetic: packaging products and people. It was an insightful observation. Public display ruled and everyone wanted his/her own fifteen minutes of fame. New York Pop Art Roy LichtensteinAndy WarholRobert IndianaGeorge BrechtMarisol (Escobar)Tom WesselmannMarjorie StriderAllan DArcangeloIda WeberClaes Oldenberg - common products made out of odd materialsGeorge Segal - white plaster casts of bodies in everyday settingsJames Rosenquist - paintings that looked like collages of advertisementsRosalyn Drexler - pop stars and contemporary issues. California Pop Art Billy Al BengstonEdward KienholzWallace BermanJohn WesleyJess CollinsRichard PettiboneMel RemosEdward RuschaWayne ThiebaudJoe GoodeVon Dutch HollandJim EllerAnthony BerlantVictor DebreuilPhillip HeffertonRobert O’DowdJames GillRobert Kuntz Sources Alloway, Lawrence. The Arts and Mass Media. Architectural Design 28 (1958): 85-86. Francis, Mark and Hal Foster. Pop. London and New York: Phaidon, 2010.Lippard, Lucy with Lawrence Alloway, Nicolas Cala and Nancy Marmer. Pop Art. London and New York: Thames and Hudson, 1985.Madoff, Steven Henry, ed. Pop Art: A Critical History. Berkeley: University of California, 1997.Osterwald, Tilman. Pop Art. Cologne, Germany: Taschen, 2007.Rice, Shelley. Back to the Future: George Kubler, Lawrence Alloway, and the Complex Present. Art Journal 68.4 (2009): 78-87. Print.Schapiro, Meyer. Courbet and Popular Imagery: An Essay on Realism and  Naà ¯vetà ©. Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes 4.3/4 (1941): 164-91.Sooke, Alistair. Richard Hamilton and the work that created Pop Art. Culture. BBC, August 24, 2015.

Famine (global issue) Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Famine (global issue) - Research Paper Example Globally, a high number of people are faced with food problems, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa, parts of Asia, Latin America and North America. Famine results free free-market processes that have restructured the global economy, dating back to the debt crisis of the early 1980s. Famine as a phenomenon has been ongoing for a while. Modern scholars define famine in terms of a short-term effect of supply and demand for agricultural goods. Famine is a global issue, although many people attribute it to the developing world. This paper focuses on famine as a problem facing the world in general. While many countries rarely face famines in these modern times, it still remains a disturbing, yet controversial issue. The argument that developing countries are faced with higher chances of famine strikes, the assumption that developing countries are immune is not true. History has demonstrated that famine can strike at any time to whichever country, without necessarily the country being economi cally struggling. Natural calamities such as floods, earthquakes and drought have been found to be the biggest contributors of memorable famines in the history of the calamity. By addressing the major factors causing famines and instances in which major famines happened in the world, the paper seeks to prove that famine is a global issue. ... Increase in global inflationary levels has seen a steady increase in general global food prices with time. Statistics reveal that increase in food prices has contributed significantly to the increase in global famine levels. In some cases, famine effects have been so devastating that it almost escalated into a crisis. An example of such a country is Haiti, where food prices rose at an average rate of 40 percent in less than a year, with rice prices doubling. Famine is caused by acute hunger, characterized by short-term problems of food security that develops to intensive levels (Digby, 102). Famine is one of the major challenges facing human beings in the modern day world, claiming lives of a lot of people in third world countries, most of which fall in the African continent, Asia and Latin America. The other challenges that have similar devastating effects to humanity in the world are diseases such as HIV/AIDs and cancer. Many people have perished in times of hunger due to starvatio n. Although still at high levels, the current rates of famine in the world have reduced significantly. Stringent measures have been put to ensure that occurrence of famine incidences such as those that faced the world in the 19th century are not experienced again. The UN has through the United Nations Food Development Program (UNFDP) tried to save people from such adverse situations. The Red Cross also carries such a program like the relief food program to provide food to the hunger stricken areas. Such organizations, operating globally, dedicated to ensuring that people have enough food during times of hunger, show that famine is a global issue. Effects